A comprehensive IoT solution can be likened to a miniature internet, comprising diverse devices spread globally, connected via various network channels to server-side computing and storage hosted in public and private data centers, often with dependencies on other Software as a Service (SaaS) offerings. Each layer of this IoT solution presents unique security challenges, encompassing device security, network security, data security, and server-side security, all with threats stemming from "People, Policies, and Processes."
Why is this important? The security of an IoT solution is only as strong as its weakest link within this "mini-internet." Furthermore, security risks extend beyond the IoT solution itself; a single breach can rapidly propagate, affecting other systems and devices it interacts with. For instance, a vulnerable connected medical device can be exploited to infiltrate an entire hospital system, even though it initially started with just one exposed device.
How can these challenges be mitigated? Securing an IoT solution necessitates effective lifecycle management of both the "Whole & Parts."
For the "Whole," the "3-Ps" (people, policy, and processes) must be addressed first. Individuals involved in any aspect of an IoT project should undergo security awareness training to stay informed about the latest security practices. Security should be an ingrained mindset.
A comprehensive cybersecurity policy should be implemented, governing every aspect of the IoT solution's creation and maintenance. Such policies encompass immediate updates and upgrades of systems within the solution, continuous employee training, and serving as a guide for formulating facilitating processes.
With the overall security posture of the IoT solution defined, each component within it should be individually architected, designed, implemented, and deployed within a zero-trust security paradigm.
The zero-trust security paradigm asserts that no entity within a larger system should be inherently trusted by any other entity for more than one transaction at a given time. Authentication must occur with every interaction between entities, reducing the risk of vulnerabilities permeating the entire system.
By adopting this "Whole & Parts" security philosophy and continuously evolving throughout the solution's lifecycle, a secure IoT solution can be built, despite the multifaceted challenges it presents.
Source: https://www.iotworldtoday.com/security/the-whole-parts-solution-to-securely-managing-iot-security-challenges-